专家信息：
何开浩，生于1964年。1981到1984年在浙江省台州卫生学校学中医。毕业后，一直在宁波市中医院工作。2002年，其在自己的网页上发表了经过多年钻研的一种新型车辆的设想，并译成英文用电子邮件的方式进行大力宣传。但并未即使申请专利。最终，在宁波市主管部门的帮助下，申请专利一种车辆导轨挂件（实用新型专利号：ZL200820085669.5；发明专利：200810060439.8）。
何开浩的另一项发明“塔式太阳能热发电系统的聚光瞄准装置”其专利号：200910155646.6。该专利对“塔式太阳能热发电系统”中的关键难题有重大的突破。
He Kaihao was born in 1964. From 1981 to 1984, he studied Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tai Zhou Medical School of Zhe Jiang province. After graduation, he has been working in Ning Bo Hospital of Chinese Medicine. In 2002, on his website he published the idea on a new vehicle, which he has studied for many years, and emailed the English version widely in the world. However, he didn’t apply for the patent immediately. Finally, under the help of Ning Bo Municipal Department in charge, he applied for the Vehicle Conveyance Accessory Patent (Practical New Patent No.ZL200820085669.5; Invention Patent, Grant No. 200810060439.8).
Another invention is Condensation and Aiming Equipment of Tower Solar Energy Thermal-Generating System with the patent No. 200910155646.6. The patent breaks through the key problem of Tower Solar Energy Thermal-Generation System.
The invention patent is a fundamental solution to city traffic.
Traffic is the lifeline of a city and its condition directly influences the healthy development of a city.
According to the latest research result of Chinese Residents’ Living Mobility Index Research Report, the economic cost of traffic jam for Beijing residents’ commuting from home to company/school is 335.60 RMB per month. The report chooses 6 cities including Beijing, and the sixth one, Ha Erbing, reaches to 120.90 RMB.
In fact, with the economic development, traffic jam has been tangling Chinese municipal leaders and has been an ungovernable and headache problem.
Nowadays, countries in the world has generally realized that the fundamental solution to the city traffic problem lies in giving priority development of the city public traffic system with track traffic as backbone. Compared with other public transportations, the city traffic track has the following advantages: less land area taken, large quantity of transportation, fast speed, safe, on schedule, environmental protection, energy and land saving, etc. Carrying capacity of track is 10 times of that of road transportation. Less energy consumed in traffic volume per unit saves energy; electric traction adopted reduces environmental pollution.
At present, the working mechanism of the track for rail vehicles almost is the same in cities of every country, not only controlling the travelling direction but also carrying the great weight of the vehicle itself, and hence railway construction is highly required to be pretty solid and quite precise, and that the vehicle shouldn’t derail forever. So it is lack of some flexibility.
He Kaihao introduces that his patent of Vehicle Conveyance Accessory bravely breaks through the traditional concept and effectively avoids the disadvantages of traditional railway. The Vehicle Conveyance Accessory designed in this way could control the travelling direction of vehicle and could separate from carrying the weight of vehicle. Here the railway only needs an iron rail to control the travelling direction and doesn’t need to carry the vehicle weight, while the great load of carrying vehicle weight will be directly transferred to the ground. Owing to the rail getting rid of carrying the great vehicle weight, the rail construction requirement is very low and the rail formation and shape could also be greatly liberalized. According to different function requirements of various vehicles, various rails can be designed specifically. Angle iron, steel tube and even groove can be the rail; the rail can be located rather randomly, laid on the roadside, buried in the underground and even built in the air without destroying the original ground surface, which only needs to change the structure of rail accessory, making it suitable for the rail.
He Kaihao said that the cost of building railway is rather low. If the technological condition is mature, every road can be installed with the track and every vehicle can be installed with the rail accessory. And thus it is quite possible to make the highway transportation track electrified. Then there will be great social benefit.
As to this innovative patent, He Kaihao introduces the long and tortuous course of his R & D and application:
Without knowledge about how to apply for the patent, I found that the procedure is rather complex from the related information. It is said that the application would consume much money and time, so I haven’t been willing to apply for the patent.
In November of 2002, I published my idea on a new vehicle which I had been working for many years on my website (www.wnfwtnpt.com). (Then I didn’t know the blog). Later I had the website translated into English version, put it on the website (www.wnfwtnpt.com/english) and emailed widely in the world. Since there are many Junk English mails replied, which makes my email box exploded, and I know little about English, I lost all the replies from previous net friends after the viruses invaded my email box and my computer. So I haven’t known what reaction of foreign friends to me and my new idea.
By chance, recently I found that the conveyance part of tram, which is produced by France Lohr Co. and just opened in Tian Jin city, has the same mechanism with track-bite-wheels I published on the website). I suppose that Lohr use the track technology I published on the website. However, I think it isn’t suitable for the super large tram to use the track conveyance technology I published on the website.
Such design couldn’t make the oriented track wheel and track combined rather firmly and thus greatly reduces the stability of traveling. Moreover, the track construction is required to be high precise, thus increasing the cost of road construction. The vehicle derailing in Tian Jin after just opening because the tire blew out proves that its stability isn’t very well.
If another track conveyance method I imaged previously is used, the highway construction will be simpler and the travelling will be more stable. The derailing like that in Tian Jin won’t happen again. Therefore I immediately emailed to Lohr Co. with an English and French attachment, yet I haven’t received any reply.
I think that this has a significant influence on the traffic development and I decide to promote the method and report the situation to the related departments in charge. From the internet, I learned that Shang Hai, Hang Zhou as well as Ning Bo were thinking about introducing the oriented track tram of Lohr Co. Then I went to Hang Zhou Municipal Traffic Information Center, Shang Hai Municipal Construction and Traffic Committee and Ning Bo Traffic Bureau to reflect the situation. Finally I reported the situation to Ning Bo Intellectual Property Bureau and the chief of the bureau received me. Chief Li said that my move was very unwise and I should apply for the patent at first. Without any protection, I couldn’t apply for the patent now since I published on the website. I said: “Doesn’t matter. I still have a method, which is more advanced than theirs and quite different in way from the previous one, and I can apply for a patent as usual.” The fact is that I really don’t know how to apply for the patent. And I wonder if there is any restraint on France or not after I apply for the patent. He said: “The domestic patent has no restraint on the foreign countries. If you want some restraints, you should apply for the patent in every country. Moreover, you can only apply for the patent in every country within one year after the patent is granted in China. Domestic patent application can be dealt with by agent. If the patent is passed the verification, there is more than ten thousand RMB as reward.”
Learned from the chief of the bureau, I know how to apply for the paten. Then I found an agent company and apply for the patent immediately. To ensure that the patent can be applied, the agent applied for the practical new patent and invention patent.
Later from some intermediary institutions, I know that there are four kinds of buyers if I want to transfer my patents: 1. development and manufacturing; 2. buy in and sell at a profit; 3. technology monopoly; 4. government procurement. I think that the mechanism and framework of my patent is rather simple but nobody thinks of it before. However, if this method will be used popularly, there will be a great influence on highway transportation. We can say in a way that it can completely change the current road transportation. Many vehicles will use electricity instead of gasoline with a rather simple implement. Lack of infrastructure, currently it can be used to the public transportation. Public bus can hang several compartments, which will greatly increase the carrying capacity of public vehicles.
Therefore, I think the patent has better to be procured by the government. If I transfer the patent to any body for other reasons, the popularity of the technology will be greatly hindered. If the patent is sold to foreign company for the technology monopoly, our country will pay the patent fee if we want to use this technology. Then the loss will be rather great.
Then I decided that the patents must be procured by the government. Among many intermediary institutions, I only choose two news paper offices to promote them without transferring the patents and conducting sales exhibition. I tried my best to draw government’s attention, but I failed.
Traffic jam, energy and environmental problems caused by the fuel consumption and exhaust gas emission of large quantity of vehicles are the first and foremost problems of every country in the world and distress every country too much. Track transportation can solve some problems on this aspect. But traditional track transportation construction costs enormously and sounds like astronomical figures. The cost will be saved much more with the oriented track method I designed to build the track traffic. Moreover, this is only a beginning. Once the technology becomes mature, it is possible to use this method into the individual vehicle. In this way, most vehicles use electricity instead of gasoline. When using the electricity, the engine is rather simple. The individual vehicle can become thin and the volume of vehicle also becomes small, and thus the traffic jam will reduce greatly. Because of track protection, the security will be guaranteed. Therefore, I think the framework and mechanism of my patent is rather simple and it is only an intelligence game. But maybe this little intelligence game will effectively solve the key issues of current world transportation.
An invention patent solves the key problems of Tower Solar Energy Generating System
30 years ago, an invention of tower solar energy-thermal application technology caused the enormous response. But because the difficulty of condensation and aiming has never been solved, the invention has long been stay at the theoretical stage.
Recently, the invention patent The Condensation Equipment of Tower Solar Energy-Thermal Application Generating System, which is applied for by He Kaihao with patent No.200910155646.6, successfully solved the key problem of Tower Solar Energy-Thermal Application Generating System.
He Kaihao introduces that the patent is about a method that can automatically gather sunlight reflected by many mirrors, economically utilizing the solar energy. He said: “Now I can disclose all details of the patent without reservation. In fact the patent mechanism is rather simple as shown below, that’s, to solve the geometrical question with auxiliary lines of mathematics. My geometrical auxiliary line is a laser beam reflecting to condensation tower aim from each heliostat center. With this laser beam as an auxiliary line, it becomes rather simple to judge whether the sunshine aims or not after reflecting from the heliostat. Although the mechanism is rather simple, it is significant to use solar energy with less cost in a super scale.
He Kaihao introduces that He Zuoxiu, the academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, made such comments on Tower Solar Energy Thermal-Generating System invented 30 years ago: “Since the structure is particularly complex and the technology requirement is rather high, the large-scale industrialization would be quite difficult.” If the invention patent of Condensation Equipment of Tower Solar Energy Thermal-Generating System is widely used, the difficulty He Zuoxiu said won't restrain the popular application of Tower Solar Energy Thermal Generating System.
发明专利：
1 一种车辆导轨挂件 何开浩 2009-01-28
2 塔式太阳能热发电系统的聚光瞄准装置 何开浩 2010-06-16
3 车辆导轨挂件 何开浩 2010-03-24
专利介绍：
一种解决城市交通的根本出路的发明专利
交通是城市的命脉，交通状况的好坏直接影响着一个城市的健康发展。
据《中国居民生活机动性指数研究报告》最新的研究结果表面，北京居民上下班或上下学拥堵经济成本为335.6元/月，报告选取了包括北京的6个城市，排在第6位的哈尔滨也高达120.9元。
其实，随着经济的发展，交通拥堵早已成为纠结在中国城市领导者心头且难以治理的头痛问题。
目前，世界各国已普遍认识到：解决城市交通问题的根本出路在于优先发展以轨道交通为骨干的城市公共交通系统。城市交通轨道和其他公共交通相比，具有用地省，运量大、速度快、安全、准点、保护环境、节约能源和用地等特点，轨道线路的输送能力是公路交通输送能力的近10倍。每一单位运输量的能源消耗量少，因而节约能源；采用电力牵引，对环境的污染小。
目前，各国城市中的有轨车辆的轨道的工作机理大都差不多，不仅要控制车辆的行驶方向，还要承载车辆本身的巨大重量，因此铁轨建造要求非常高，不但要非常牢固，而且还要十分精确，并且车辆永远都不能离开轨道，缺乏一定的灵活性。
何开浩介绍，他的这项“车辆导轨挂件”专利大胆地突破传统理念，很好地避免了传统轨道的不足之处，用该种方法设计的车辆导轨挂件能够控制车辆的行驶方向，与承载车辆重量的轨道功能分离。在这里轨道只需要一根铁轨，用来控制车辆行驶方向即可，不需承载车辆重量，承载车辆重量的沉重负担直接转移给道路地面。由于轨道“摆脱”了承重量的沉重负担，因此，建造要求很低，而且铁轨的形态方式也可以大大的自由化。它可以根据各种车辆不同的功能要求，量身设计各种各样不同类型的轨道样式。角铁、钢管甚至沟槽都可以当作轨道；轨道架设的位置也可以非常随意，铺在路边、埋在地下甚至架在空中，不用破坏原来的地面，只需改变一下导轨挂件的结构，使挂件与轨道相适应即可。
何开浩说：“该轨道架设成本非常低廉。如果技术条件成熟，每一条公路都可以安装上轨道，每辆汽车都可以装上导轨挂件，公路运输就完全有可能做到轨道化、电气化。社会效益巨大。”
关于这项具有诸多创新性的专利，何开浩详细地介绍了其研发以及申请的曲折历程：
“由于以前不知道专利怎么申请，查资料看看觉得申请过程非常复杂。听说申请还要花很多钱和时间。所以一直没有敢去申请专利。
2002年11月，我在我自己的网页上（www.wnfwtnpt.com）发表了自己经过多年设想的一种新型车辆的设想。（那时候不知道有博客）。后来还请人把网页翻释成英文，把它放在了www.wnfwtnpt.com/english网页上，用大量发送电子邮件的方式满世界的宣传。由于回复过来英文的垃圾信息实在太多，把我的邮箱都挤爆了，我又不大懂英文，还中了好几次病毒，把原来网友回复的电子邮件都丢完了。所以一直不知道国外网友对我反应是怎样的。
一次偶然的机会，我发现最近天津市才开通不久的，由法国劳尔公司生产导轨电车的导轨部件同我在网上发表夹轨轮原理一模一样。）。我想这应该是劳尔公司应用我网上发表的导轨技术了。但是，我个人觉得这超大型的有电车用我网上发表这导轨技术导轨不是最合适。
这样的设计就使得导轨轮和轨道不能咬合得十分牢固，大大降低了行驶的稳定性。而且对轨道建造的精确度要求也比较高，这样就大大增加道路修建的成本。开通不久的天津就因为一次车胎爆裂就引发了车辆脱轨，就足以证明它的稳定性不是太好了。
如果用我以前设想的另一种导轨方法，不但道路建设更简单，而且行车更稳定。象天津发生过的脱轨事件就不会发生了。所以马上写了一封电子邮件，（邮件内容在附件里）请人把它翻释成英文和法文去跟劳尔公司联系，却一直没有得到回复。
我想这事对交通发展形响很大，我一定要把我的方法推销出去，由是下定决心到处去反映情况。从网上查到，上海、杭州还有我们宁波都在想引进劳尔公司导轨电车。于是就到杭州市交通信息中心、上海市建设和交通委员会还有宁波交通局到处乱撞乱碰去反映情况。最后我把事情反映到宁波市知识产权局，后来宁波市知识产权局李旭局长接待了我。李局长说这事你做得非常失策，你为什么不先申请专利，现在一点点保护都没有，而且网上发布了就不能再去申请专利了。你非常失策。我说：“没事，我还比他们先进的办法，方式与原来不一样，照样还可以去申请专利。只是实在不知道专利怎么申请。还有申请专利后对他们法国有没约束力。”他说：“国内专利对国外一点约束力都没有。你要有，就得每个国家分别申请利专。而且要在国内专利受权后一年内可以申请。国内申请专利可以找代理去，七七八八的事代理会给你搞定。如果专利能通过，市里还有一万多块钱奖励。”就这样，在局长的指点下，我才知怎样去申请专利。
听了李局长的话，我马上找了一家代理公司，赶快去申请专利。代理公司为了保正能申请到专利，给我申请了实用新型和发明二个专利。
后来通过一些中介间构的介绍，我才知道专利如果专让出去的话，买家4种：1、开发生产。2、专利倒买。3、技术垄断。4、政府收购。我想虽然我的专利的原理和结构都非常的简单，只是以前别人没有想到而已。但是，这种方式普及了的话，对道路交通的影响是非常的巨大的。可以这么说，它就能够切底改变现有道路交通的方式。使得大多数的车辆不再用油，而是用电，而且实施也是很简单。在目前的还没有基础的情况下，让它用在公交线路上。使公交车能够挂上好几节车厢，大大提高公交车辆的运输能力，应该是非常合适的。
所以我想，这个专利最好还是让政府收购合适。如果我随便把这个专利专让出去，让别人去搞专利倒卖、技术垄断的话，就会大大阻碍这一技术的普及。要是这一专利倒卖给了外国公司去搞技术垄断。那我们国家要使用这一技术的话还要给人家专利费，那损失可不是一般的大。
于是我下定决心，一定要争取让政府收购，这么多的中介机构中，我只选择了二家报社给我了做一下宣传，没有去做专利专让、展销工作。一心思想让政府部门能够重视，可是我这方面的能力实在是太弱了，看来实在是力不从心。
城市交通拥阻，以及大量车辆燃油和排放废气所造成的能源和环保问题。是当今世界各国的头等大问题，世界各国也因此伤透了脑筋。轨道交通能在这方面解决一些问题。但是现在传统的轨道交通建造成本高得惊人，听起来象天文数字一样。如果用我导轨方法去搞轨道交通，成本不知要节省多少。而且，这也仅仅是个开始，将来技术成熟的话，个人代步车辆也用这种方法也是没有问题的。这样的话，大多的车辆都不用油而用电了。如果用电的话，因为发动机非常简单，个人代步车辆可以大大瘦身，车辆体积小了，交通拥阻肯定就减少了。而且有轨道保护，安全也会大有保证。因此我想，我的专利结构和原理都非常简单，只是一个脑筋的转弯。可是也许就这么一个小小的脑筋转弯，就能有效的解决当今世界的交通大问题呢？”
一种解决“塔式太阳能热发电系统”关键难题的发明专利
30多年前，一种塔式太阳能热利用的发明技术引起了科技界的巨大反响，但由于聚光瞄准技术的难题一直没有得到解决，使得该项科技发明一直停留在理论阶段。
最近，何开浩申请的“塔式太阳能热发电系统的聚光瞄准装置”的发明专利(专利号200910155646.6)，就很好地解决了上述“塔式太阳能热发电系统”中的这一关键难题。
何开浩介绍，该专利是一种能自动把许多面镜子反射的太阳光聚集到一起的方法，是一种非常好、非常经济的利用太阳能方法。何开浩说：“现在可以毫无保留的把这一专利全部细节公开出来了。这个专利原理其实很简单了（如下图），就是根据数学中作辅助线来解几何题目的方法。我的几何辅助线就是一条从各个定日镜中心射向聚光塔目标的激光束，有了这一条激光束的作为辅助线，判断经定日镜反射后的太阳光是否对准目标就变得非常简单。虽然它原理非常简单,但它对人们超大规模极低成本利用太阳能有非常重要的意义。
何开浩介绍， 对于30多年前的这项“塔式太阳能热发电系统”，中国科院何祚庥院士对此有这样评论：“由于结构特别复杂，技术要求也高，大规模产业化有很大困难。”但如果他这项“塔式太阳能热发电系统的聚光瞄准装置”的专利发明得以广泛应用，那么何院士说到的难题就不会成为制约塔式太阳能发电系统难以广泛应用的难题了。
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